zigzagzigal phoenicia. Japan can do a lot with little land and has great military potential, but also flexibility to other victory routes. zigzagzigal phoenicia

 
 Japan can do a lot with little land and has great military potential, but also flexibility to other victory routeszigzagzigal phoenicia  This guide goes into plenty of detail about Zulu strategies, uniques and how to play against them

Introduction. Our home is one of mountains and plains, of grasslands and deserts, of. Sid Meier's Civilization VI > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. China needs only 5 turns to get the technology now, while the competing civ needs 6. Changes in the Autumn 2017 patch relevant to England: - Mercantilism is no longer so easy to beeline, indirectly nerfing Sea Dogs. Zigzagzigal's Guide to England (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. . Zigzagzigal's Guides - Russia (Vanilla) By Zigzagzigal. Pericles was the strategos of Athens city-state back in the 450s BC. Vikings, Poland, Australia, Persia/Macedon, Nubia, Khmer/Indonesia. Summary of key strengths. Every civ has interesting lesser-known tricks and features. For China, chasing up boosts becomes even more important. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Iroquoian strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Pre-Rise and Fall content packs. at least the civ 5 ones maybe a little better with civ 6. Positive examples include Factories and Stadiums (which by default offer production and happiness respectively to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building. Introduction. They are led by Harald Hardrada, under whom their default colors are dark blue and red; and by Varangian Harald Hardrada, under whom their default colors are reversed. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. This guide explains the basics of each civ in the game, including: The civ's icon. Zigzagzigal's Guide to India (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. Zigzagzigal [author] Jun 3, 2020 @ 6:08am I managed to get through all that within the first day of the patch! While I do need to eventually get updated screenshots for Norway/Phoenicia (Galleys and their replacements were buffed in strength) generally patch changes can be implemented quickly to the guides. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Aztecs (GS) by Zigzagzigal. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Maya (GS) By Zigzagzigal. It also assumes you have all other Civ 6 content, listed below, though it is not necessary to have these to utilise the key strategies of each civ. Russia is spectacular at religious victory and can score an early victory without ever having to start a war. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. Here, I detail Phoenician strategies and counter-strategies. Founder of Carthage is a two part ability, and both components of it are quite powerful. It also assumes you have all other Civ 6 content, listed below, though it is not necessary to have these to utilise the key strategies of each civ. With great topics like guides for new players,. Payments & Orders My Supporters Following. System Requirements. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Siamese strategies, uniques and how to play against them. This guide compiles them, so if you want to get more out of your favourite civ, or to find new reasons to play other civs, here's a good place to start. On larger map sizes, science can work, relying on the Kilwa Kisiwani wonder to counteract Babylon's empire-wide science penalty. The civ's uniques. Unusually amongst diplomatic nations, it does better building tall rather than wide. AoE (Area of Effect) - Bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. Here, I detail Chinese strategies and counter-strategies - for all leaders. 2. Phoenicia is one of the most victory-agnostic civs in the game. I like to then get Holy Warriors and faith-purchase UUs later on. ‎‏‏‎‎‏‏‎See the marvels of. The Incan Empire is built in the midst of mountains, with large and productive cities. AoE (Area of Effect) - Bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. AoE (Area of Effect) - Bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. While it's hard to separate the two, in most of the legends Dido never led Phoenicia, but. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Egyptian strategies, uniques and how to play against them. . You can also use the River Goddess pantheon to make those quickly-built riverside Holy Sites add both +2 housing and +2 amenities. If you're willing to put in the effort, China will reward you with rapid technology and civic gain - making them suited to both scientific and cultural victories. 535K subscribers in the civ community. Sid Meier's Civilization VI > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. . ·. Common abilities: Cannot enter Ocean tiles until Cartography has been researched. I've been thinking about a strategy that might use all (or the strongest ones) the Egyptian uniques. First, the gold bonus and the unique unit. Rome is a civ that matures quickly - the civ ability, Trajan's ability, the early-arriving Roman Fort and the Bath UD all help Rome to achieve things that would take longer for most. Science is a fair path for the Khmer. 101 ratings. It also assumes you have all other Civ 6 content, listed below, though it is not necessary to have these to utilise the key strategies of each civ. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Byzantium (GS) by Zigzagzigal. Pre-Rise and Fall content packs. Positive examples include Factories and Stadiums (which by default offer production and happiness respectively to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building. By Zigzagzigal. No-one else can storm a coast as fast as the Danes, allowing them to take over capitals or strategic locations before the victim can respond. Aztec Builders and Military Engineers are both able to rush 20% of the production of Aqueducts, Dams and Canals. r/2007scape Dec 7, 2021. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. Previous breakdown: Greece, found here. A general strategy. In the Bible they are referred to as the Caananites, from the Akkadian “Kinahna. but he places way too much importance on a civ's unique aspects, even if theyre basically worthless, like in his civ 5 sweden guide he had this huge section on caroleans when really caroleans arent that much better than just generic. AoE (Area of Effect) - Describes bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. Zigzagzigal's Guides - China (GS) by Zigzagzigal. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Babylonian strategies, uniques and how to play against. Duel-sized maps now have two continents by default, up from one. The Mapuche can take down civs in the peak of their power, but you need to be willing to react quickly as each era begins. Here, I detail Kongolese strategies and counter-strategies. They could have much worse unique things, but the +1 movement would still make them strong. Zigzagzigal GS unit upgrade cost = 2x production difference + 10 • Additional comment actions I avoided writing about variant gamemodes as making the main guides was a lot of work as it was, and a typical player learning a civ. Here, I detail Cree strategies and counter-strategies. Positive examples include Factories (which offer production to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building of the same type) and a negative example is nuclear weapons,. Cities with a garrisoned unit receive +3 Loyalty per turn . By Zigzagzigal. 3. Introduction. With corps thay are stronger than regular corps and coming much earlier, they have one of the most deadly medieval attacks in the whole game. As the guy who spent far too much time making guides for Civ 5, I thought I'd give it a shot in Civ 6 with this guide to Greece . Pre-Rise and Fall content packs. A general strategy. a. I've gone through the thread to search for more explanation of the ranking (as personally I think they've undersold the free land). Content from DLC packs (Poland, Vikings, Australia, Persia/Macedon, Nubia, Khmer/Indonesia) is marked as such. Content from any DLC pack released between the base game and Rise and Fall is marked as such. Zigzagzigal I will concede there's some controversial choices in there I don't entirely agree with (even more notable is their low ranking of Assyria, which I can't explain). Furthermore, it is written with the assumption you have all Civ 6 content released prior to the Leaders Pass: Pre-Rise and Fall content packs. 184 ratings. Kampungs start by adding +1 production and +1 housing. I can't hold the cities I manage to conquer. Basil's Cathedral and Ruhr Valley in the same city, you can. level 1. AoE (Area of Effect) - Describes bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. It's the longest individual civ guide I've ever made partially due to the uniqueness of Eleanor's leader ability, and partially due to the fact it was already long in its Rise and Fall guise. Counter-Strategies. Additional +2 Loyalty if the unit is a Corps or Army . Zigzagzigal's Guides - Poland (GS) By Zigzagzigal. 117 ratings. Counter-Strategies (Part 1/2) The Māori are the best explorers in the game and can have a presence far and wide throughout the map. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. . Here, I detail Phoenician strategies and counter-strategies. Here, I detail Chinese strategies and counter-strategies - for all leaders. If the city-state Ngazargamu is in the game, Mali's domination potential increases considerably due to its huge discount to land military unit purchase costs. The Aztecs are a great example of good civ design in Civ 6. Published: 3 weeks ago Civilization VI Civilization VI is a massive and dense strategy game that can pull thousands of hours out of the most dedicated players. From /u/Zigzagzigal : Straightforward - Basically a new player can pick this civ up and do fine with it. Spain carries great power during the Age of Discovery, combining both religious and military strengths. This gives me a time period to cover comparable to EU4, and a more interesting starting situation. Vikings, Poland, Australia, Persia/Macedon, Nubia, Khmer/Indonesia. Ethiopia's game is driven by their faith infrastructure, having one of the game's best faith outputs and an ability to generate culture and science as they. r/OSRSmaps Jan 9, 2022. Zigzagzigal's Guide to Arabia (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Incan strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Introduction. It’s. Immunity to surprise wars always gives you at least five turns warning early in the game, allowing you to focus less on defences and more on expansion. Byzantium's religion supports their armies, and vice versa, allowing their cavalry to rip through city defences and force them into the one true faith. Nation description - Polish Empire. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. You can try scouting around for a few turns before settling your capital in order to maximise your potential number of cities, or else avoid the risk by settling right away. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Moroccan strategies, uniques and how to play against them. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Ethiopian strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Award. Here, I detail Phoenician strategies and counter-strategies. Strong at late-game warfare, and is the only Civ with a direct advantage to nuclear warfare. Zigzagzigal's Guide to Russia (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. 3. Introduction. However, Gran Colombia gets a reliable, easy and not time-restricted +2 movement boost for all land military units thanks to the combination of the civ ability and the Comandante General. 287 ratings. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. To play as Australia, you must have the Australia Civilization and Scenario Pack. I can fairly easily win on Emperor mode and lower, but playing on Immortal kicks my ass. Sid Meier's Civilization VI - Civilization VI offers new ways to engage with your world: cities now physically expand across the map, active research in technology and culture unlocks new potential, and competing leaders will pursue their own agendas based on their historical traits as you race for one of five ways to achieve victory in the game. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Phoenicia (GS) and China (GS) Link to the Phoenicia guide here. The whole structure of special skills, unique unit and district are focused on showing the great richness of Mansa Musa. Maybe using a score-out-of-10 system, like Zigzagzigal did in his Civ V guides. Hungary's civ ability only affects tiles that are adjacent to the city centre but on the other side of a river, and as Encampments cannot be next to the city centre, they can't gain from Hungary's civ ability. Civ 6 Greek Strategies. This ability makes the Zulus absolutely terrifying opponents in the medieval era. Award. The Cree have great advantages when it comes to city development and exploration, but lack a strong victory focus. Michel and St. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. Zigzagzigal's Guide to America (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Mayan strategies, uniques and how to play against them. ”. Unlikely to suffer strategic resource penalties in the first half of the game. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. Germany. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. There aren't any blatantly underpowered civs any more (though a few could do with a buff either directly or indirectly, and there are some pretty OP ones around). 123 ratings. . Georgia can push for continuous Golden Ages while tying religion and city-state diplomacy together. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Khmer (GS) by Zigzagzigal. 2. Russia is a great Civ for those who like to build up a strong empire before sending it to war. Back to Leaders (Civ6) "When Allah decides a matter, it is done. This maturity helps your empire to support Legion conquests and from there hopefully become the dominant power in the world. Through great leadership, the powerful armies of Macedon shall conquer to the edge of the world, adapting and. Here, I detail Spanish strategies and counter. Matthias Corvinus (Hungary) Hungary is an amazing civ and is probably the best in the A-tier. AoE (Area of Effect) - Describes bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. Award. Sid Meier's Civilization VI > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. This guide goes into plenty of detail about English strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Here, I detail Gallic strategies and counter-strategies. Positive examples include Factories and Stadiums (which by default offer production and happiness respectively to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building. Here, I detail Incan strategies and counter-strategies. Poland's Winged Hussar wipes the floor with nearly every other Renaissance-era land unit, while their powerful Unique Ability gives them a great degree of flexibility. An inflexible Cree player may well be overtaken by a civ better-suited to the victory path they're on, while a flexible Cree player can be an unpredictable opponent. Complete Playlist. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. I was hidden behind a huge mountain range that cut my empire off from the rest of the continent. Here, I detail Mayan strategies and counter-strategies. Here, I detail Ethiopian strategies and counter-strategies. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Carthaginian strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Generally, it's more cost-effective to use Builder charges than Military Engineer charges for them. Out of diplomatic nations, Morocco arguably defends the best and unlike Civs like Greece, Sweden and Arabia, tends to remain peaceful throughout the game. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. 1 . The Mayans use religion and science together to achieve their aims. There are occasionally little details. AoE (Area of Effect) - Bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. Rise and Fall Expansion. Here, I detail English strategies and counter-strategies. Zigzagzigal [author] Sep 1, 2020 @ 11:40am I decided to cut that section for the sake of streamlining the Civ 6 guides, though I sometimes discuss like civs over on the Civ subreddit. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Korean strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Isibongo. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Civ-specific tricks, secrets and clarifications (GS) by Zigzagzigal. With a mighty Unique Unit and effective economic bonuses, Arabia can push towards either domination or diplomacy. Nation description - Mali Empire. Settling a second city early and getting Monuments up will help you get to Oligarchy faster, which will be really useful as Immortals are the only unit with a ranged attack which gains from it. Follow. AoE (Area of Effect) - Describes bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Venetian strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Phoenicia: Advanced -> Intermediate - though the Move Capital interaction is an unusual mechanic, the best bonuses to make use of. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. Per page: 9. 170 ratings. 140 ratings. +2 faith adjacency from rivers can make some amazing Holy Site yields, +1 faith from Holy Site-adjacent farms is a reasonable boost, and +1 faith per population in cities with Aqueducts can make some enormous faith bonuses later on. But add the +5 strength from Comandante Generals, the bonus strength from certain retired ones, and the massive strength. Kudos to you. Windows. 135 ratings. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Babylon (GS) By Zigzagzigal. Wayfinding: Units can immediately embark and cross oceans, gaining +1 sight when embarked. Here, I detail strategies and counter-strategies for Byzantium. I'd recommend aiming for a classical-era Dark Age followed by a. Both civs get the eureka. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. Bless our proxy states. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. They’re one of the strongest naval. . a. Introduction. They are led by Basil II, under whom their default colors are dark purple and light yellow; and Theodora, under whom their colors are purple and yellow. Changes from the Autumn 2017 update relevant to Persia: - Immortals may now attack with melee, which avoids a -17 strength penalty against cities and lets them use bonuses from Siege Towers and Battering Rams. This change was applied to all applicable versions, unlike Gathering Storm's buff to the Tsikhe building. I prefer small continents over the island plates/archipelago because I feel those other two just don’t give enough land to take advantage of things like adjacency effects etc- you are just so cramped in there is almost nothing you can do. Link to the China guide here. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Moroccan strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Introduction. Sid Meier's Civilization V > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. " Al-Nasir Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub (1137 – 4 March 1193), better known as Saladin, was the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, known for his defeat of the various Crusader states, particularly his victory at the battle of Hattin and capture of the Kingdom. Sid Meier's Civilization VI > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. I think I would prefer if island plates would be like smaller small continents- maybe. Phoenicia. Units between 90 and 99 health have a strength penalty of 1, units between 80 and 89 health have a penalty of 2, and so on. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. Sweden is a flexible nation, but it does best at the art of diplomacy. You'll want at least one riverside tile per city for a Holy Site, and one valid Aqueduct tile adjacent to the city centre (if the city's on a river, it'll be fine). Positive examples include Factories (which offer production to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building of the same type) and a negative example is nuclear weapons,. Thankfully, you can use Spies to steal eureka boosts from other civs - something Wu Zetian is particularly strong at doing. Zigzagzigal [author] Mar 31, 2017 @ 7:40pm However, checking the XML files I did find information about the decay rate for war weariness. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. The Dutch can expand quickly in the early game, reap the cash rewards and unleash a powerful navy upon the world. Rise and Fall Expansion. I always thought it was interesting that Dido leads the Phoenicians instead of Carthagineans. A military civilization that doesn't need the tech edge. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. To play as Indonesia, you must have the Khmer and Indonesia Civilization and Scenario Pack. No other Civ plays like Venice. It's a tricky Civ to get the hang of, but this guide goes. ago. This guide compiles them, so if you want to get more out of your favourite civ, or to find new reasons to play other civs, here's a good place to start. Here, I detail Mongolian strategies and counter-strategies - for both Khans. They are led by Bà Triệu, under whom their default colors are yellow and dark magenta. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. My Support. AoE (Area of Effect) - Describes bonuses or penalties that affect multiple tiles in a set radius. . Here, I detail Phoenician strategies and counter-strategies. For those who aren't familiar with my past guides, here's one from Civ 5 as an example. Civilization VI has chosen not to make such a. Germany's extra district capacity and strong production makes it ideal for those who like to emphasise city development above all else, and can use that advantage in a variety of ways. Here, I detail Phoenician strategies and counter-strategies. The Japanese civilization ability is Meiji Restoration, which allows District to receive a standard adjacency bonus from being. Given that the Chariot Archer is quite strong (stronger than Saka. You can make just about anything work with a little initiative and smart expansion planning. With a good exploration bonus, they get a decent start going to help you get there. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Phoenicia (GS) By Zigzagzigal. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. Favorite. Zigzagzigal's Guide to the Shoshone (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. Sid Meier’s Civilization VI Zigzagzigal’s Guides – Mapuche (GS) Added: May 8, 2021, 9:17pm UTC SteamsPlay Guides 0. Eleanor's leader ability is Court of Love. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. Because combat is calculated based on the difference between the strengths of. Positive examples include Factories and Stadiums (which by default offer production and happiness respectively to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building. Changes from the Autumn 2017 patch relevant to Norway: - Lots of new religious mechanics, including new beliefs. Moderately Straightforward - Easy enough to learn, but has some kind of factor which might throw off very new players - usually an atypical start (e. Positive examples include Factories and Stadiums (which by default offer production and happiness respectively to cities within a 6 tile radius unless they're within range of another building. r/2007scape Jan 9, 2022. They are led by Kupe, under whom their default colors are red and cyan. They were a. After nearly five years and 500,000 words (about two-thirds more than Civ 5), my. A subreddit dedicated on the popular turn-based series, Sid Meier's Civilization…30 ratings. Modern archaeologists believe they referred to themselves as Kena'ani. Back to Civilizations (Civ6) The Byzantine people (or Eastern Romans) represent a civilization in Civilization VI. Here, I detail Japanese strategies and counter-strategies. Here, I detail Brazilian strategies and counter-strategies. Don't delay and start an early war - the vast number of Builders you acquire can be put to good use building up the districts of the growing Aztec Empire, as well as linking up luxuries for amenity and attack. A complex and versatile civ, Poland offers tools to help with the cultural, domination and religious games alike. 2. Phoenicia (Dido) France (Eleanor of Aquitaine) The Emperor tier of civilizations is small, but it presents a lot of good choices looking to secure a cultural victory. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Korean strategies, uniques and how to play against them. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. They're well-placed to build lots of cities and go for a cultural victory. Sid Meier's Civilization V > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. Become a supporter of Zigzagzigal today! ️ Ko-fi lets you support the creators you love with no fees on donations. Content from other DLC packs (Poland, Vikings, Australia, Nubia, Khmer/Indonesia) is marked as such. Rise and Fall Expansion. . Vikings, Poland, Australia, Persia/Macedon, Nubia, Khmer/Indonesia. This guide goes into plenty of detail about Russian strategi. Zulu corps have a +15 strength advantage over individual units. Pre-Rise and Fall content packs. Dido, also known as Elissa, was, according to ancient sources (most notably the Aeneid), the legendary first queen of Carthage, which she founded in 814 BC after fleeing the Phoenician city of Tyre when her husband Acerbas was murdered by her brother, king Pygmalion. Siam is an unusual Civ - it gets more out of City-State diplomacy but no advantages in gaining influence. But the abilities around levying units are far and away the best ability on their list. Yes - Byzantium is a religious/warmonger hybrid which can neglect faith and science alike early in the game! A key early goal for Byzantium is to get to the medieval-era Divine Right civic as quickly as possible. . Pre-Rise and Fall content packs. Per page: 9 18 30. Changes from the 27 July Summer patch affecting Japan: - Electronics Factories, like regular Factories, are now about 10% more expensive. honestly zigzagzigal's guides arent very good. Zigzagzigal's Guide to Russia (BNW) by Zigzagzigal. Above-average production, useful for any victory route. Vikings, Poland, Australia, Persia/Macedon, Nubia, Khmer/Indonesia. Zigzagzigal Chieftain. Zigzagzigal's Guide to Indonesia (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. Zigzagzigal's Guides - Kongo (Vanilla) By Zigzagzigal. People often won't even trade gold for production 2:1. Zigzagzigal's Guide to Carthage (BNW) By Zigzagzigal. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. Phoenicia offers excellent potential in discovery, colonisation, trade and naval warfare from early in the game. Here's the best Civ 6 tier list out there. Sid Meier's Civilization VI > Guides > Zigzagzigal's Guides. This alone is a massive advantage. Note: This guide requires the Rise and Fall expansion and the Persia and Macedon Civilization and Scenario Pack. Babylon is one of the game's hardest nations to face, having strengths in both defence and science, and is a good introductory Civ for scientific victories. Award. Changes to Brazil from the 27 July Summer Patch: - All districts (including the Street Carnival) are 10% cheaper, and the production bonus for having fewer of them than average is 40%, up from 25%. It also assumes you have all other Civ 6 content, listed below, though it is not necessary to have these to utilise the key strategies of each civ. Zigzagzigal Before anyone asks, the Maori don't have an intrinsic start bias - their ocean start is all tied to Kupe's leader ability and has a few unique mechanics to set it apart: Biases boost the chance of having your starting Settler close to a certain tile, but Kupe's leader ability specifically places them in ocean (if a different civ had. Following this guide requires the Gathering Storm expansion. Polynesia is Civilization 5's premier coastal cultural Civ. That's pretty straightforward, Inca can work. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here. Terminology used in this guide and not in-game is explained here.